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Mechanobiology

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles 2018 (MISEV2018): a position statement of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles and update of the MISEV2014 guidelines

AUTHORS

Théry CClotilde , Witwer KWKenneth W , Aikawa EElena , Alcaraz MJMaria Jose , Anderson JDJohnathon D , Andriantsitohaina RRamaroson , Antoniou AAnna , Arab TTanina , Archer FFabienne , Atkin-Smith GKGeorgia K , Ayre DCD Craig , Bach JMJean-Marie , Bachurski DDaniel , Baharvand HHossein , Balaj LLeonora , Baldacchino SShawn , Bauer NNNatalie N , Baxter AAAmy A , Bebawy MMary , Beckham CCarla , Bedina Zavec AApolonija , Benmoussa AAbderrahim , Berardi ACAnna C , Bergese PPaolo , Bielska EEwa , Blenkiron CCherie , Bobis-Wozowicz SSylwia , Boilard EEric , Boireau WWilfrid , Bongiovanni AAntonella , Borràs FEFrancesc E , Bosch SSteffi , Boulanger CMChantal M , Breakefield XXandra , Breglio AMAndrew M , Brennan MÁMeadhbh Á , Brigstock DRDavid R , Brisson AAlain , Broekman MLMarike Ld , Bromberg JFJacqueline F , Bryl-Górecka PPaulina , Buch SShilpa , Buck AHAmy H , Burger DDylan , Busatto SSara , Buschmann DDominik , Bussolati BBenedetta , Buzás EIEdit I , Byrd JBJames Bryan , Camussi GGiovanni , Carter DRDavid Rf , Caruso SSarah , Chamley LWLawrence W , Chang YTYu-Ting , Chen CChihchen , Chen SShuai , Cheng LLesley , Chin ARAndrew R , Clayton AAled , Clerici SPStefano P , Cocks AAlex , Cocucci EEmanuele , Coffey RJRobert J , Cordeiro-da-Silva AAnabela , Couch YYvonne , Coumans FAFrank Aw , Coyle BBeth , Crescitelli RRossella , Criado MFMiria Ferreira , D'Souza-Schorey CCrislyn , Das SSaumya , Datta Chaudhuri AAmrita , de Candia PPaola , De Santana EFEliezer F , De Wever OOlivier , Del Portillo HAHernando A , Demaret TTanguy , Deville SSarah , Devitt AAndrew , Dhondt BBert , Di Vizio DDolores , Dieterich LCLothar C , Dolo VVincenza , Dominguez Rubio APAna Paula , Dominici MMassimo , Dourado MRMauricio R , Driedonks TATom Ap , Duarte FVFilipe V , Duncan HMHeather M , Eichenberger RMRamon M , Ekström KKarin , El Andaloussi SSamir , Elie-Caille CCeline , Erdbrügger UUta , Falcón-Pérez JMJuan M , Fatima FFarah , Fish JEJason E , Flores-Bellver MMiguel , Försönits AAndrás , Frelet-Barrand AAnnie , Fricke FFabia , Fuhrmann GGregor , Gabrielsson SSusanne , Gámez-Valero AAna , Gardiner CChris , Gärtner KKathrin , Gaudin RRaphael , Gho YSYong Song , Giebel BBernd , Gilbert CCaroline , Gimona MMario , Giusti IIlaria , Goberdhan DCDeborah Ci , Görgens AAndré , Gorski SMSharon M , Greening DWDavid W , Gross JCJulia Christina , Gualerzi AAlice , Gupta GNGopal N , Gustafson DDakota , Handberg AAase , Haraszti RAReka A , Harrison PPaul , Hegyesi HHargita , Hendrix AAn , Hill AFAndrew F , Hochberg FHFred H , Hoffmann KFKarl F , Holder BBeth , Holthofer HHarry , Hosseinkhani BBaharak , Hu GGuoku , Huang YYiyao , Huber VVeronica , Hunt SStuart , Ibrahim AGAhmed Gamal-Eldin , Ikezu TTsuneya , Inal JMJameel M , Isin MMustafa , Ivanova AAlena , Jackson HKHannah K , Jacobsen SSoren , Jay SMSteven M , Jayachandran MMuthuvel , Jenster GGuido , Jiang LLanzhou , Johnson SMSuzanne M , Jones JCJennifer C , Jong AAmbrose , Jovanovic-Talisman TTijana , Jung SStephanie , Kalluri RRaghu , Kano SIShin-Ichi , Kaur SSukhbir , Kawamura YYumi , Keller ETEvan T , Khamari DDelaram , Khomyakova EElena , Khvorova AAnastasia , Kierulf PPeter , Kim KPKwang Pyo , Kislinger TThomas , Klingeborn MMikael , Klinke DJDavid J , Kornek MMiroslaw , Kosanović MMMaja M , Kovács ÁFÁrpád Ferenc , Krämer-Albers EMEva-Maria , Krasemann SSusanne , Krause MMirja , Kurochkin IVIgor V , Kusuma GDGina D , Kuypers SSören , Laitinen SSaara , Langevin SMScott M , Languino LRLucia R , Lannigan JJoanne , Lässer CCecilia , Laurent LCLouise C , Lavieu GGregory , Lázaro-Ibáñez EElisa , Le Lay SSoazig , Lee MSMyung-Shin , Lee YXFYi Xin Fiona , Lemos DSDebora S , Lenassi MMetka , Leszczynska AAleksandra , Li ITIsaac Ts , Liao KKe , Libregts SFSten F , Ligeti EErzsebet , Lim RRebecca , Lim SKSai Kiang , Linē AAija , Linnemannstöns KKaren , Llorente AAlicia . Journal of extracellular vesicles. 2018 11 23; 7(1). 1535750

ABSTRACT

The last decade has seen a sharp increase in the number of scientific publications describing physiological and pathological functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs), a collective term covering various subtypes of cell-released, membranous structures, called exosomes, microvesicles, microparticles, ectosomes, oncosomes, apoptotic bodies, and many other names. However, specific issues arise when working with these entities, whose size and amount often make them difficult to obtain as relatively pure preparations, and to characterize properly. The International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) proposed Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles (“MISEV”) guidelines for the field in 2014. We now update these “MISEV2014” guidelines based on evolution of the collective knowledge in the last four years. An important point to consider is that ascribing a specific function to EVs in general, or to subtypes of EVs, requires reporting of specific information beyond mere description of function in a crude, potentially contaminated, and heterogeneous preparation. For example, claims that exosomes are endowed with exquisite and specific activities remain difficult to support experimentally, given our still limited knowledge of their specific molecular machineries of biogenesis and release, as compared with other biophysically similar EVs. The MISEV2018 guidelines include tables and outlines of suggested protocols and steps to follow to document specific EV-associated functional activities. Finally, a checklist is provided with summaries of key points.